Many people refer to the hypervisor as a simple piece of software or lightweight operating system running on a host. The hypervisor essentially allows multiple operating systems to share a single physical host. The virtualization side of things is carried by what is known as the hypervisor.Īnd it is this abstraction layer created by the hypervisor that allows the sharing of the system's physical resources. Virtualization and orchestration are key components to the cloud. More information at The cloud is a technology that combines resources such as CPU, Hard Disk Drive, Network Interface Cards, Bandwidth and places them into a virtualization pool for consumers to use as required. The third video in the Cloud Security series. Hypervisors often implement a virtual switch to manage network connections between the internal virtual network and the external physical.
A key point: Video on hypervisor vulnerabilitiesīefore you go further in your research for virtual switching and the virtual switch, you may find this video useful on hypervisor vulnerabilities. Essentially, the virtual switch aggregates multiple VM traffic across a set of links and provides frame delivery between VMs based on Media Access Control (MAC) address, all of which fall under the umbrella of virtual switching. There are possibilities for micro-segmentation and VM NIC firewalls along with stateful inspection firewall, but let’s deal with them in a later article. Traffic across VLAN boundaries is passed to a security or routing device northbound to the switch. By implementing a Layer 2 switch within the ESXi hosts, traffic flowing from VMs within the same VLAN is locally switched. To get VMs to communicate out an uplink or even to each other internally, we need a network of some kind to support communication flows. The physical host does not have enough network cards to allocate a physical NIC to every VM, there are exceptions, for example, Cisco VM-FEX, but generally speaking, we have more virtual machines than physical network cards. 
In a VMware virtualized environment, we typically have a single host running multiple virtual machines (VM) through the VMkernel hypervisor.
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